Dual purpose breeds & Draught breeds
Dual purpose breeds
This breed of cattle are meant for both milk yield and draught works. The cows are fairly good milkers and the bullocks are sturdy and are useful in draught works like ploughing the field, transport, cart pulling etc. Important examples are Hariana and Ongole.
1. Ongole : Nellore Dual purpose breeds
Origin and distribution :- Ongole tract of Andra Pradesh, Guntur,
Narasaraopet, Venukonda, Kandukur taluks of Nellore.
Distinguishing characteristics : Dual purpose breeds
This breed is a larger form. The matured
male weighs about 700Kg and female weighs about 400 Kg. Ongole breed
is usually white in colour with grey marking. Males are dark grey at
extremities. Hump is well developed and erect. The horns are stumpy and
they grow outwards and inwards. Bullocks are powerful and suitable for
cart and road work but are not fast.
Productions : Cows are good yielders, yielding from 1700 kg to 3500kg
per lactation. Dual purpose breeds
Draught breeds
These breeds are exclusively meant for pulling
carts, ploughing fields etc. They are well-built and the skin is well stretched.
The bulls are used for draught works. The cows are poor milkers. Important
Indian draught breeds are Amrithamahal, Kangayam, Malvi, Hallikar etc.
1. Kangayam (Kanganad, Kongu) :-
Origin and distribution :
It originated from Kangayam divisions of
Dharapuram taluk of Coimbatore district in Tamilnadu. The breed is also
found in Udumalapet, Palladam, Pollachi and in other parts of South India.
Distinguishing characters : The cattle of this breed are of moderate size
and the colour of the body is white or grey with black markings. The horns
are strong and are curved upwards and outwards. The head is short with
prominent forehead. Neck is shorter and thick and the ears are smaller and
pointed. They have moderate sized hump, wide muzzle, strong limbs, fine
skin and a fine tail. The udder is medium sized with small teats. The bulls are
excellent type for hard work.
Production :
The cows are poor milkers, yielding about 666 kg per lactation.
Hallikar
Origin and distribution : Commonly found in the South Indian States,
predominantly in Karnataka. Hassan and Tumkur regions of Karnataka are
the home places of this breed.
Distinguising characters :
Body is dark grey in colour, some times almost
black. The animals are of medium size. The head is usually long with a
bulging forehead and a prominent furrow in the middle. The face is long with
small ears. The long horns emerge out, slant backwards in a graceful sweep
and then curve upwards to terminate in a sharp point. The hump is
moderately developed. The udder is medium sized with small teats. The
Hallikar bullocks are draught breeds. They are used for heavy ploughing,
transport and other field works.
Production : The cows are poor milkers.
Related Topics in Zoology:
Bio Zoology All Important Topics
- Livestock and Management
- Important cattle breeds and their characteristics
- Milch breeds (or) Dairy breeds
- Dual purpose breeds & Draught breeds
- Exotic breeds of cattle
- Common diseases and control in Cattle – Contagious diseases
- Non-contagious diseases – Cattle
- Techniques adopted in cattle breeding
- Poultry Breeds
- Farming methods
- Poultry byproducts
- Fish Pond
- Edible Fishes Of Tamilnadu
- Medical Lab Techniques – Stethoscope
- Sphygmomanometer
- Haemocytometer
- Urine Sugar analysis
- ECG Electrocardiogram
- Computed Tomography CT
- Endoscopy (Laproscopy) techniques , Artificial Pacemaker
- Autoanalyser