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Aims of plant breeding

Aims of plant breeding

The first and foremost aim in plant breeding is to create useful variation in the crop plant. This can be achieved by the following measures.

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1. Bringing wild food crops to cultivation. (wheat, oats and many cereal crops were once wild plants which had now been domesticated).

2. Obtaining genes from desirable plants or related species (eg. as seeds from various parts of the world).

3. Introduction of plants from nearby regions or even from other
countries for improvement of the crop. (eg. cauliflower, tomato,
potato and soyabeans).

4. By employing certain plant breeding techniques, new varieties are
developed. eg. maize, sorghum, cotton and sunflower.

5. Auto and Allopolyploid breeding.

6. By inducing mutations using physical and chemical mutagens.

7. Production of haploids by the application of plant tissue culture of
anther and ovary.

8. Improvement of nutritional quality by genetic engineering (eg.
Fortified rice – iron rich rice and carotene rich rice).

9. Development of disease, drought and environmental stress resistant
varieties.

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Other links 

 

Plant physiology – photosynthesis and its significance


BIOLOGY IN HUMAN WELFARE Introduction & Food production


Aspects of plant breeding and Types


Hybridization in plant breeding


Polyploid breeding, Mutation breeding, Breeding for disease resistance


Genetic engineering, Improved varieties, Role of biofertilizers


Green manuring, Mycorrhiza as biofertilizer


Benefits from biofertilizers


Crop diseases and their control, Rice – Oryza sativa


Groundnut or peanut – Arachis hypogea


Citrus canker, Tungro disease of rice


Biocontrol of insect pests Bacterial pesticides


Genetically modified food


Bio war, Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) in biological warfare


Biopiracy, Bioresources, Biomolecules, Biopatent, Biotechnology


Sustainable agriculture


Medicinal plants including microbes


Commonly Available Medicinal Plants


Microbes in medicine


Economic importance of Food plant Rice


Oil plant Groundnut Economic importance


Fibre plant – Cotton Economic importance


Timber yielding plant Teak Economic importance


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