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AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms

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AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms Study Materials

Anna University – AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper

UNIT I INTRODUCTION AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms Syllabus

Notion of an Algorithm – Fundamentals of Algorithmic Problem Solving – Important Problem Types
–Fundamentals of the Analysis of Algorithm Efficiency – Analysis Framework – Asymptotic Notations
and their properties – Empirical analysis – Mathematical analysis of Recursive and Non-recursive
algorithms – Visualization.

UNIT II BRUTE FORCE AND DIVIDE AND CONQUER AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms Notes

Brute Force – String Matching – Exhaustive Search – Traveling Salesman Problem – Knapsack
Problem – Assignment problem. Divide and Conquer Methodology – Multiplication of Large Integers
and Strassen’s Matrix Multiplication – Closest-Pair and Convex – Hull Problems. Decrease and
Conquer: – Topological Sorting – Transform and Conquer: Presorting – Heaps and Heap Sort.

UNIT III DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING AND GREEDY TECHNIQUE AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms Important Questions

Dynamic programming – Principle of optimality – Coin changing problem – Warshall’s and Floyd‘s
algorithms – Optimal Binary Search Trees – Multi stage graph – Knapsack Problem and Memory
functions. Greedy Technique – Dijkstra’s algorithm – Huffman Trees and codes – 0/1 Knapsack
problem.

UNIT IV ITERATIVE IMPROVEMENT AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms Question Paper

The Simplex Method-The Maximum-Flow Problem – Maximum Matching in Bipartite Graphs- The
Stable marriage Problem.

UNIT V LIMITATIONS OF ALGORITHM POWER AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms Question Bank

Lower – Bound Arguments – P, NP, NP- Complete and NP Hard Problems. Backtracking – N-Queen
problem – Hamiltonian Circuit Problem – Subset Sum Problem. Branch and Bound – LIFO Search
and FIFO search – Assignment problem – Knapsack Problem – Traveling Salesman Problem –
Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems – Traveling Salesman problem – Knapsack
problem.

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TEXT BOOKS: AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms Important Questions

1. Anany Levitin, Introduction to the Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Third Edition, Pearson
Education, 2012.

REFERENCES: AD3351 Design and Analysis of Algorithms Notes

1. Ellis Horowitz, Sartaj Sahni and Sanguthevar Rajasekaran, Computer Algorithms/ C++,
Second Edition, Universities Press, 2019.
2. Thomas H.Cormen, Charles E.Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest and Clifford Stein, Introduction to
Algorithms, Third Edition, PHI Learning Private Limited, 2012.
3. S. Sridhar, Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Oxford university press, 2014.
4. Alfred V. Aho, John E. Hopcroft and Jeffrey D. Ullman, Data Structures and Algorithms,
Pearson Education, Reprint 2006.

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PC3352 Mechanical Operations

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PC3352 Mechanical Operations Study Materials

Anna University – PC3352 Mechanical Operations Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper

UNIT I PARTICLE CHARACTERIZATION AND MEASUREMENT PC3352 Mechanical Operations Syllabus

General characteristics of solids, different techniques of size analysis- Static – Image analysis and
Dynamic analysis – Light scattering techniques, shape factor, surface area determination,
estimation of particle size. Advanced particle size analysis techniques. Screening methods and
equipment, screen efficiency, ideal and actual screens.

UNIT II PARTICLE SIZE REDUCTION AND SIZE ENLARGEMENT PC3352 Mechanical Operations Notes

Laws of size reduction, energy relationships in size reduction, methods of size reduction,
classification of equipments, crushers, grinders, disintegrators for coarse, intermediate and fine
grinding, power requirement, work index; Advanced size reduction techniques – Nano particle
fabrication – Top down approach – Bottom-up approach. Size enlargement – Importance of size
enlargement, principle of granulation, briquetting, palletization, and flocculation. Fundamentals of
particle generation.

UNIT III PARTICLE SEPARATION (GAS-SOLID AND LIQUID-SOLID SYSTEM) PC3352 Mechanical Operations Important Questions

Gravity settling, sedimentation, thickening, elutriation, double cone classifier, rake classifier, bowl
classifier. Centrifugal separation – continuous centrifuges, super centrifuges, design of basket
centrifuges; industrial dust removing equipment, cyclones and hydro cyclones, electrostatic and
magnetic separators, heavy media separations, floatation, jigging

UNIT IV FILTRATION AND FILTRATION EQUIPMENTS PC3352 Mechanical Operations Question Paper

Theory of filtration, Batch and continuous filters, Flow through filter cake and filter media,
compressible and incompressible filter cakes, filtration equipments – selection, operation and
design of filters and optimum cycle of operation, filter aids.

UNIT V MIXING AND PARTICLE HANDLING PC3352 Mechanical Operations Question Bank

Mixing and agitation – Mixing of liquids (with or without solids), mixing of powders, selection of
suitable mixers, power requirement for mixing. Storage and Conveying of solids – Bunkers, silos,
bins and hoppers, transportation of solids in bulk, Powder hazards, conveyer selection, different
types of conveyers and their performance characteristics.

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TEXT BOOKS: PC3352 Mechanical Operations Important Questions

1. McCabe, W.L., Smith, J.C., and Harriot, P., “Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering”, 7th Edn., McGraw-Hill, 2005.
2. Badger W.L. and Banchero J.T., “Introduction to Chemical Engineering”, Tata McGraw Hill,
1997.
3. Foust, A. S., Wenzel, L.A., Clump, C.W., Naus, L., and Anderson, L.B., “Principles of Unit
Operations”, 2nd Edn., John Wiley & Sons, 1994.
4. Hiroaki Masuda , KoHigashitani and Hideto Yoshida, Powder Technology Handbook, 3rd
Edition.

REFERENCES: PC3352 Mechanical Operations Notes

1. Coulson, J.M. and Richardson, J.F., “Chemical Engineering” Vol. II, 4
th Edn., Asian Books
Pvt. Ltd., India, 1998.
2. Christie J. Geankoplis, Transport processes and unit operations.
3. Sunggyu Lee, Kimberly H. Henthorn, Particle Technology and Applications.
4. Martin Rhodes, Introduction to Particle Technology, Second Edition.

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CH3491 Heat Transfer

CH3491 Heat Transfer Study Materials

Anna University – CH3491 Heat Transfer Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I CH3491 Heat Transfer Syllabus

Importance of heat transfer in Chemical Engineering operations – Modes of heat transfer ; One
dimensional steady state heat conduction through plane and composite walls, hollow cylinder and
spheres – Thermal conductivity measurement-effect of temperature on thermal conductivity; Heat
transfer in extended surfaces; Transient heat conduction

UNIT II CH3491 Heat Transfer Notes

Concepts of heat transfer by convection – Natural and forced convection, Hydrodynamic and
thermal Boundary layers; analogies between transfer of momentum and heat – Reynold’s analogy,
Prandtl and Colburn analogy. Dimensional analysis in heat transfer, heat transfer coefficient for
flow through a pipe, flow past flat plate.

UNIT III CH3491 Heat Transfer Important Questions

Heat Exchangers – classification and design, overall and individual film coefficients, mean
temperature difference, LMTD correction factor for multiple pass exchanger, NTU and efficiency of
Heat exchangers

UNIT IV CH3491 Heat Transfer Question Paper

Heat transfer to fluids with phase change – heat transfer from condensing vapours, drop wise and
film wise condensation, Nusselt equation for vertical and horizontal tubes, condensation of
superheated vapours, Heat transfer to boiling liquids – mechanism of boiling, nucleate boiling and
film boiling

UNIT V CH3491 Heat Transfer Question Bank

Evaporation- single and multiple effect operation, material and Energy balance in evaporators,
boiling point elevation, Duhring’s rule. Radiation heat transfer – Black body radiation, Emissivity,
Stefan – Boltzman law, Plank’s law, radiation between surfaces.

Syllabus	Click Here
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TEXT BOOKS: CH3491 Heat Transfer Important Questions

1. Holman, J. P., ‘Heat Transfer ’, 10th Edn., McGraw Hill,2010.
2. Ozisik, M. N., Heat Transfer: A Basic Approach, McGraw-Hill, 1984
3. Kern, D.Q., “Process Heat Transfer “, McGraw-Hill, 1999.
4. B.K. Dutta, Heat transfer principles and applications, PHI Learning PVT Ltd, 2016

REFERENCES: CH3491 Heat Transfer Notes

1. McCabe, W.L., Smith, J.C., and Harriot, P., “Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering”,6th
Edn., McGraw-Hill, 2001.
2. Coulson, J.M. and Richardson, J.F., “Chemical Engineering “ Vol. I, 4th Edn., Asian Books
Pvt. Ltd., India, 1998

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PE3351 Process Calculations

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PE3351 Process Calculations Study Materials

Anna University – PE3351 Process Calculations Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I PE3351 Process Calculations Syllabus

Base and derived Units – Composition of Mixture and solutions – calculations of pressure, volume
and temperature using ideal gas law. Use of partial pressure and pure component volume in gas
calculations, applications of real gas relationship in gas calculation.

UNIT II PE3351 Process Calculations Notes

Stoichiometric principles, Application of material balance to unit operations like distillation,
evaporation, crystallisation, drying etc., – Material balance with chemical reaction – Limiting and
excess reactants – recycle – bypass and purging – Unsteady state material balances.

UNIT III PE3351 Process Calculations Important Questions

Calculation of absolute humidity, molal humidity, relative humidity and percentage humidity – Use
of humidity in condensation and drying – Humidity chart, dew point.

UNIT IV PE3351 Process Calculations Question Paper

Heat capacity of solids, liquids, gases and solutions, use of mean heat capacity in heat
calculations, problems involving sensible heat and latent heats, evaluation of enthalpy.Standard
heat of reaction, heats of formation, combustion, solution, mixing etc., calculation of standard heat
of reaction – Effect of pressure and temperature on heat of reaction –Energy balance for systems
with and without chemical reaction.

UNIT V PE3351 Process Calculations Question Bank

Determination of Composition by Orsat analysis of products of combustion of solid, liquid and gas
fuels – Calculation of excess air from orsat technique, problems on sulphur and sulphur burning
compounds – Application of Process simulators in energy and material balance problems.

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TEXT BOOKS: PE3351 Process Calculations Important Questions

1. Himmelblau, D.M., “Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering”, EEE Sixth
Edition, Prentice Hall Inc., 2003
2. Felder, R. M. and Rousseau, R. W., “Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes”,3rd
Edn., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2000.
3. Bhatt, B.L., Vora, S.M., “Stoichiometry “, 4th Edition,Tata McGraw-Hill (2004)

REFERENCES: PE3351 Process Calculations Notes

1. Hougen O A, Watson K M and Ragatz R A, “Chemical process principles” Part I, CBS
publishers (1973).
2. Venkatramani. V, Anatharaman. N and Meera Shariffa Begam “ Process Calculations”
Printice Hall of India, New Delhi,
3. K.V.Narayanan, B.Lakshmipathy,”Stochiometry and ProcessCalculation”, PHI Learning
Ltd.(2013).

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AI3312 Soil Science Laboratory

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AI3312 Soil Science Laboratory Study Materials

Anna University – AI3312 Soil Science Laboratory Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Lab Manual, Viva Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper.

OBJECTIVES: AI3312 Soil Science Laboratory

 Students should able to verify various quality aspects of soil and water studied in theory by
performing experiments in the laboratory.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: AI3312 Soil Science Laboratory

1. Identification of rocks and minerals
2. Collection and processing of soil samples
3. Determination of soil moisture, EC and pH
4. Field density determination by Core Cutter and Sand Replacement method
5. Specific gravity determination by Pycnometer
6. Textural analysis of soil by International Pipette method
7. Grain size analysis by using Mechanical shaker
8. Determination of Organic carbon
9. Estimation of Gypsum requirements

REFERENCES: AI3312 Soil Science Laboratory

1. Punmia, B.C, “Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering”, Laxmi Publishers, New Delhi.
2007.
2. Laboratory Manual, Centre for Water Resources, Anna University, Chennai. 2012.

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COURSE OUTCOMES: AI3312 Soil Science Laboratory

On completion of the course, the student is expected to
1. Explain soil physical properties and compare the properties based on soil and water
system
2. Analyse the soil chemical properties to classify the arable and problem soils to develop
different reclamation practices

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AI3311 Fluid Mechanics Laboratory

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AI3311 Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Study Materials

Anna University – AI3311 Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Lab Manual, Viva Voice Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS AI3311 Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Viva Questions

1. Flow Measurement
 Calibration of Rotameter
 Flow through Venturimeter
 Flow through a circular Orifice
 Determination of mean velocity by Pitot tube
 Flow through a Triangular Notch
 Flow through a Rectangular Notch

2. Losses in Pipes
 Determination of friction coefficient in pipes
 Determination of losses due to bends, fittings and elbows

3. Pumps
 Characteristics of Centrifugal pump
 Characteristics of Submersible pump
 Characteristics of Reciprocating pump

REFERENCES: AI3311 Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Lab Manual

1. Hydraulic Laboratory Manual, Centre for Water Resources, Anna University, 2015.
2. Modi P.N. and Seth S.M., Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics. Standard Book House. New
Delhi, 2017.
3. Subramanya K, Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines, Tata McGraw Hill Edu.
Pvt. Ltd.2011

COURSE OUTCOMES: AI3311 Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Lab Manual

On completion of the course, the student is expected to
 Apply Bernoulli equation for calibration of flow measuring devices.
 Measure friction factor in pipes and compare with Moody diagram
 Determine the performance characteristics of rotodynamic pumps.
 Determine the performance characteristics of positive displacement pumps.

Syllabus	Click Here
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OBJECTIVES:

 Students should able to verify the principles studied in theory by performing the experiments in the laboratory

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ME3491 Theory of Machines

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ME3491 Theory of Machines Study Materials

Anna University – ME3491 Theory of Machines Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I KINEMATICS OF MECHANISMS ME3491 Theory of Machines Syllabus

Mechanisms – Terminology and definitions – kinematics inversions of 4 bar and slide crank chain
– kinematics analysis in simple mechanisms – velocity and acceleration polygons– Analytical
methods – computer approach – cams – classifications – displacement diagrams – layout of plate
cam profiles – derivatives of followers motion – circular arc and tangent cams.

UNIT II GEARS AND GEAR TRAINS ME3491 Theory of Machines Notes

Spur gear – law of toothed gearing – involute gearing – Interchangeable gears – Gear tooth action
interference and undercutting – nonstandard teeth – gear trains – parallel axis gears trains –
epicyclic gear trains – automotive transmission gear trains.

UNIT III FRICTION IN MACHINE ELEMENTS ME3491 Theory of Machines Important Questions

Surface contacts – Sliding and Rolling friction – Friction drives – Friction in screw threads –
Bearings and lubrication – Friction clutches – Belt and rope drives – Friction aspects in brakes–
Friction in vehicle propulsion and braking.

UNIT IV FORCE ANALYSIS ME3491 Theory of Machines Question Paper

Applied and Constrained Forces – Free body diagrams – static Equilibrium conditions – Two,
Three and four members – Static Force analysis in simple machine members – Dynamic Force
Analysis – Inertia Forces and Inertia Torque – D’Alembert’s principle – superposition principle –
dynamic Force Analysis in simple machine members

UNIT V BALANCING AND VIBRATION ME3491 Theory of Machines Question Bank

Static and Dynamic balancing – Balancing of revolving and reciprocating masses – Balancing
machines – free vibrations – Equations of motion – natural Frequency – Damped Vibration –
bending critical speed of simple shaft – Torsional vibration – Forced vibration – harmonic Forcing –
Vibration isolation.(gyroscopic principles)

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TEXT BOOKS: ME3491 Theory of Machines Important Questions

1. Uicker, J.J., Pennock G.R and Shigley, J.E., “Theory of Machines and Mechanisms”,
Oxford University Press, 2017.
2. Ramamurthi. V, “Mechanics of Machines”, Narosa Publishing House, 2002.

REFERENCES: ME3491 Theory of Machines Notes

1. AmitabhaGhosh and Asok Kumar Mallik, “Theory of Mechanisms and Machines”, Affiliated
East-West Pvt. Ltd., 1988.
2. Rao.J.S. and Dukkipati.R.V. “Mechanism and Machine Theory”, New Age International Pvt.
Ltd., 2006.
3. Rattan, S.S, “Theory of Machines”, McGraw-Hill Education Pvt. Ltd., 2014.
4. Robert L. Norton, Kinematics and Dynamics of Machinery, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009.
5. Wilson and Sadler, Kinematics and Dynamics of Machinery, Pearson, 2008.

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AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps

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AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps Study Materials

Anna University – AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I FLUID PROPERTIES AND FLUID STATICS AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps Syllabus

Definition and properties of fluid – Mass density – Specific weight – Specific volume – Specific
gravity – Equation of state – Perfect gas – Viscosity – Vapour pressure – Compressibility and
elasticity – Surface tension – Capillarity- Fluid statics – Fluid pressure and measurement – simple,
differential and micro manometers – Mechanical gauges – Forces on plane and curved surfaces –
Buoyancy and floatation – Stability of floating bodies.

UNIT II FLUID KINEMATICS AND FLUID DYNAMICS AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps Notes

Classification of flows – Methods of analysis- Continuum hypothesis – System and Control volume
approach – Streamline, streak-line and path-lines – Stream function – Velocity potentials – Flow nets
– Application of control volume to continuity, energy and momentum – Euler’s equation of motion
along a stream line – Bernoulli’s equation – Linear momentum equation – Applications.

UNIT III FLOW THROUGH PIPES AND MODEL STUDIES AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps Important Questions

Reynolds experiment – Laminar flow through circular pipe – Darcy-Weisbach equation – Moody
diagram – Major and minor losses in pipe flow – Total energy line – Hydraulic grade line – Siphon –
Pipes in series and parallel- Equivalent pipes- Fundamental dimensions – Dimensional
homogeneity – Buckingham Pi theorem – Dimensionless parameters – Similitude and model studies
– Distorted and undistorted models.

UNIT IV OPEN CHANNEL FLOWS AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps Question Paper

Types of flow – Characteristics of open channel – Chezy’s equation – Manning equation –
Hydraulically efficient channel sections – Critical depth – Specific energy application to channel
transitions – Flow measurement in channels – Notches – Weirs – Parshall flume – Flow
measurement in natural streams – float method – current meter.

UNIT V PUMPS AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps Question Bank

Types of pumps – Head of pump – Losses and efficiencies -Selection of pump capacity –
Centrifugal pump – Components – Working principle – Types of impellers – Priming – NPSH –
Cavitation – Minimum speed to start the pump – Specific speed – Characteristics curves – Turbine
pump – Submersible pump – Jet pump – Air lift pump – Reciprocating pump – Sludge pump.

Syllabus	Click Here
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TEXT BOOKS: AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps Notes

1. Streeter, V.L. Wylie, E. B. and Bedford K.W, Fluid Mechanics, McGraw Hill Education (India)
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2017.
2. Modi P.N and Seth Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics including Hydraulic Machines, Standard
Book House, New Delhi, 2019.
3. Subramanya K., Flow in Open Channels, McGraw Hill Education (India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,
2019.

REFERENCES: AI3303 Fluid Mechanics and Pumps Important Questions

1. Jain A. K. Fluid Mechanics including Hydraulic Machines, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi,
2014.
2. S K Som; Gautam Biswas and S Chakraborty, Introduction to Fluid Mechanics and Fluid
Machines, McGraw Hill Education (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2017.
3. Chandramouli P N, Applied Hydraulic Engineering, Yes Dee Publisher, 2017
4. Ven Te Chow, Open Channel Hydraulics, McGraw Hill, New York, 2009.
5. Subramanya K, Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines: Problems and Solutions, McGraw
Hill Education (India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2018.

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AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing

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AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing Study Materials

Anna University – AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I EVAPORATION AND CONCENTRATION AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing Syllabus

Unit operations in food processing –conservation of mass and energy – overall view of an
engineering process-dimensions and units – dimensional and unit consistency – dimensionless
ratios-evaporation – definition – liquid characteristics – single and multiple effect evaporationperformance of evaporators and boiling point elevation – capacity – economy and heat balancetypes of evaporators – once through and circulation evaporators – short tube evaporators and long
tube evaporators – agitated film evaporator

UNIT II MECHANICAL SEPARATION AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing Notes

Filtration – definition –filter media – types and requirements-constant rate filtration – constant
pressure filtration – filter cake resistance-filtration equipment – rotary vacuum filter – filter presssedimentation – gravitational sedimentation of particles in a fluid – Stoke’s law, sedimentation of
particles in gas-cyclones – settling under sedimentation and gravitational sedimentation-centrifugal
separations – rate of separations – liquid – liquid separation – centrifuge equipment.

UNIT III SIZE REDUCTION AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing Important Questions

Size reduction – grinding and cutting – principles of comminuting – characteristics of comminuted
products – particle size distribution in comminuted products-energy and power requirements in
comminuting – crushing efficiency – Rittinger’s, Bond’s and Kick’s laws for crushing-size reduction
equipment – crushers – jaw crusher, gyratory crusher-crushing rolls – grinders – hammer mills –
rolling compression mills – attrition, rod, ball and tube mills – construction and operation.

UNIT IV CONTACT EQUILIBRIUM SEPARATION AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing Question Paper

Contact equilibrium separation processes – concentrations – gas-liquid and solid-liquid equilibrium
– equilibrium concentration relationships – operating conditions-calculation of separation in contact
– equilibrium processes-gas absorption – rate of gas absorption – stage – equilibrium gas –
absorption equipment-properties of tower packing – types – construction – flow through packed
towers-extraction – rate of extraction – stage equilibrium extraction-equipment for leaching coarse
solids – intermediate solids – basket extractor-extraction of fine material – Dorr agitator –
continuous leaching – decantation systems – extraction towers-washing – equipment

UNIT V CRYSTALLISATION AND DISTILLATION AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing Question Bank

Crystallization-Equilibrium –Rate of crystal growth stage-Equilibrium crystallization-CrystallizersEquipment-Classification- Construction and operation – Crystallizers-Tank-Agitated batchSwenson-Walker and Vacuum crystallizers-Distillation-Binary mixtures-Flash and differential
distillation-Steam distillation –Theory-Continuous distillation with rectification –Vacuum distillation –
Batch distillation-Operation and process-Advantages and limitation-Distillation equipmentConstruction and operation-Factors influencing the operation.

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TEXT BOOKS: AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing Notes

1. Earle, R.L., “Unit operations in Food Processing”, Pergamon Press, Oxford, U.K, 1985.
2. McCabe, W.L., and Smith, J.C., “Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering”, Mc-Graw-Hill
Inc., Kosaido Printing Ltd., Tokyo, 1990.
3. Geankoplis, C.J. “Transport Processes and Separation Process Principles”, 4th Edition,
Prentice Hall, 2003.

REFERENCES: AI3302 Unit Operations in Agricultural Processing Important Questions

1. Coulson, J.M and J.F. Richardson. Chemical Engineering. Volume I to V. The Pergamon
Press. New York, 1999.
2. Albert Ibarz and Gustavo V. Barbosa-Cánovas. Unit Operations in Food Engineering. CRC
Press LLC, Florida, 2003.