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CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering

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CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering Study Materials

Anna University – CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering Regulation 2021 Syllabus , Notes , Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I HIGHWAY ENGINEERING CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering Syllabus

Classification of highways – Institutions for Highway planning, design and construction at different
levels – factors influencing highway alignment –Typical cross sections of Urban and Rural roads –
Engineering surveys for alignment- Conventional and Modern method

UNIT II DESIGN OF HIGHWAY ELEMENTS CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering Notes

Cross sectional elements – Horizontal curves, super elevation, transition curves, widening of curves
– Sight distances – Vertical curves, gradients– pavement components and their role – Design practice
for flexible and rigid pavements (IRC methods only).

UNIT III HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering Important Questions

Highway construction materials, properties, testing methods – Construction practice of flexible and
concrete pavement- Highway drainage – Evaluation and Maintenance of pavements.

UNIT IV RAILWAY PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering Question Bank

Elements of permanent way – Rails, Sleepers, Ballast, rail fixtures and fastenings, Selection of
gauges – Track Stress, coning of wheels, creep in rails, defects in rails – Route alignment surveys,
conventional and modern methods-Geometric design of railway, gradient, super elevation, widening
of gauge on curves (Problems)-Railway drainage- Level Crossings-Signalling.

UNIT V RAILWAY TRACK CONSTRUCTION MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering Question Paper

Points and Crossings – Design of Turnouts, Working Principle-Track Circuiting – Construction &
Maintenance – Conventional, Modern methods and Materials, Lay outs of Railway Stations and
Yards, Rolling Stock, Tractive Power, Track Resistance – Role of Indian Railways in National
Development – Railways for Urban Transportation – LRT & MRTS Feasibility study, Planning and construction.

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TEXTBOOKS: CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering Notes

1. Khanna.S. K., Justo.C.E.G and Veeraragavan A. “Highway Engineering”, Nemchand
Publishers, 2014.
2. Subramanian K.P., “Highways, Railways, Airport and Harbour Engineering”, Scitech
Publications (India), Chennai,2010
3. Kadiyali.L.R. “Principles and Practice of Highway Engineering”, Khanna Technical Publications,
6th edition Delhi,2015.
4. C.Venkatramaiah., Transportation Engineering-Vol.2 Railways, Airports, Docks and Harbours,
Bridges and Tunnels.,Universities Press (India) Private Limited, Hyderabad, 2015.

REFERENCES: CE3405 Highway and Railway Engineering Important Questions

1. Indian Road Congress (IRC), Guidelines for the Design of Flexible Pavements, (Third Revision),
IRC:37-2012
2. Indian Road Congress (IRC), Guidelines for the Design of Plain Jointed Rigid Pavements for
Highways, ( Third Revision), IRC:58-2012
3. Yang H. Huang, “Pavement Analysis and Design”, Pearson Education Inc, Nineth Impression,
South Asia,2012
4. Ian D. Walsh, “ICE manual of highway design and management”, ICE Publishers, Ist Edition,
USA,2011
5. Fred L. Mannering, Scott S. Washburn and Walter P.Kilareski, “Principles of Highway
Engineering and Traffic Analysis”, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,2011
6. Garber and Hoel, “Principles of Traffic and Highway Engineering”, CENGAGE Learning, New
Delhi,2010
7. O’Flaherty.C.A “Highways, Butterworth – Heinemann, Oxford,2006
8. IRC-37–2012,The Indian roads Congress, Guidelines for the Design of Flexible Pavements,
NewDelhi
9. IRC 58-2012. The Indian Road Congress, Guideline for the Design of RigidPavements for
Highways, NewDelhi
10. Saxena Subhash, C.and Satyapal Arora, A Course in Railway Engineering, Dhanapat Rai and
Sons, Delhi, 1998.

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CE3404 Soil Mechanics

CE3404 Soil Mechanics Study Materials

Anna University – CE3404 Soil Mechanics Regulation 2021 Syllabus , Notes , Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND COMPACTION CE3404 Soil Mechanics Syllabus

Formation of soil – Soil description – Particle – Size shape and colour – Composition of gravel, sand,
silt, clay particles – Particle behaviour – Soil structure – Phase relationship – Index properties –
Significance – BIS classification system – Unified classification system – Compaction of soils –
Theory, Laboratory and field tests – Field Compaction methods – Factors influencing compaction of
soils.

UNIT II EFFECTIVE STRESS AND PERMEABILITY CE3404 Soil Mechanics Notes

Soil – water – Static pressure in water – Effective stress concepts in soils – Capillary phenomena–
Permeability interaction – Hydraulic conductivity – Darcy’s law – Determination of Hydraulic
Conductivity – Laboratory Determination (Constant head and falling head methods) and field
measurement pumping out in unconfined and confined aquifer – Factors influencing permeability of
soils – Seepage – Two dimensional flow – Laplace’s equation – Introduction to flow nets – Simple
problems. (Sheet pile and weir).

UNIT III STRESS DISTRIBUTION AND SETTLEMENT CE3404 Soil Mechanics Important Questions

Stress distribution in homogeneous and isotropic medium – Boussinesq theory – (Point land, Line
land and udl) Use of New marks influence chart –Components of settlement –– Immediate and
consolidation settlement – Terzaghi’s one dimensional consolidation theory – Computation of rate of
settlement. – √t and log t methods– e-log p relationship.

UNIT IV SHEAR STRENGTH CE3404 Soil Mechanics Question Bank

Shear strength of cohesive and cohesion less soils – Mohr-Coulomb failure theory – Measurement
of shear strength – Direct shear, Triaxial compression, UCC and Vane shear tests – Pore pressure
parameters – Cyclic mobility – Liquefaction.

UNIT V SLOPE STABILITY CE3404 Soil Mechanics Question Paper

Stability Analysis – Infinite slopes and finite slopes – Total stress analysis for saturated clay – Friction
circle method – Use of stability number – Method of slices – Fellenious and Bishop’s method – Slope
protection measures.

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TEXTBOOKS: CE3404 Soil Mechanics Important Questions

1. Murthy, V.N.S., “Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering”, CBS Publishers Distribution Ltd.,
New Delhi. 2015
2. Gopal Ranjan and Rao, A.S.R., “Basic and Applied Soil Mechanics”, New Age Ltd. International
Publisher New Delhi (India) 2006.

REFERENCES: CE3404 Soil Mechanics Notes

1. McCarthy, D.F., “Essentials of Soil Mechanics and Foundations”. Prentice-Hall, 2006.
2. Coduto, D.P., “Geotechnical Engineering – Principles and Practices”, Prentice Hall of India
Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi, 2010.
3. Das, B.M., “Principles of Geotechnical Engineering”. Brooks / Coles / Thompson Learning
Singapore, 8th Edition, 2013.
4. Punmia, B.C., “Soil Mechanics and Foundations”, Laxmi Publications Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 2005

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CE3403 Concrete Technology

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CE3403 Concrete Technology Study Materials

Anna University – CE3403 Concrete Technology Regulation 2021 Syllabus , Notes , Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I CONSTITUENT MATERIALS CE3403 Concrete Technology Syllabus

Cement-Different types-Chemical composition and Properties -Tests on cement-IS
Specifications- Aggregates-Classification-Mechanical properties and tests as per BIS Grading
requirements-Water- Quality of water for use in concrete.

UNIT II CHEMICAL AND MINERAL ADMIXTURES CE3403 Concrete Technology Notes

Accelerators-Retarders- Plasticisers- Super plasticizers- Water proofers – Mineral Admixtures like
Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Metakaoline -Their effects on
concrete properties

UNIT III PROPORTIONING OF CONCRETE MIX CE3403 Concrete Technology Important Questions

Principles of Mix Proportioning-Properties of concrete related to Mix Design-Physical properties
of materials required for Mix Design – Design Mix and Nominal Mix-BIS Method of Mix Design –
Mix Design Examples

UNIT IV FRESH AND HARDENED PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE CE3403 Concrete Technology Question Bank

Workability-Tests for workability of concrete-Slump Test and Compacting factor Test-Segregation
and Bleeding-Determination of Compressive and Flexural strength as per BIS – Properties of
Hardened concrete- Stress-strain curve for concrete-Determination of Modulus of elasticity.

UNIT V SPECIAL CONCRETES CE3403 Concrete Technology Question Paper

Light weight concretes – High strength concrete – Fibre reinforced concrete – Ferrocement – Ready
mix concrete – SIFCON – Shotcrete – Polymer concrete – High performance concrete- self
compacting concrete – Geopolymer Concrete.

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TEXTBOOKS: CE3403 Concrete Technology Notes

1. Gupta.B.L., Amit Gupta, “Concrete Technology”, Jain Book Agency, 2010.
2. Shetty,M.S, “Concrete Technology”, S.Chand and Company Ltd, New Delhi, 2003

REFERENCES: CE3403 Concrete Technology Important Questions

1. Neville, A.M; “Properties of Concrete”, Pitman Publishing Limited, London,1995
2. Gambhir.M.L.Concrete Technology,Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill Education,2017.
3. Job Thomas., Concrete Technology, Cencage learning India Private Ltd, New Delhi, 2015.
4. IS10262-2019 Recommended Guidelines for Concrete Mix Design, Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhii.

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CE3402 Strength of Materials

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CE3402 Strength of Materials Study Materials

Anna University – CE3402 Strength of Materials Regulation 2021 Syllabus , Notes , Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I SIMPLE AND COMPOUND STRESSES CE3402 Strength of Materials Important Questions

Stresses in simple and compound bars – Thermal stresses – Elastic constants – Thin cylindrical and
spherical shells – Biaxial state of stress – Principal stresses and principal planes – Mohr’s circle of
stresses – Torsion on circular shafts.

UNIT II BENDING OF BEAMS CE3402 Strength of Materials Syllabus

Types of beams and transverse loadings– Shear force and bending moment for simply supported,
cantilever and over-hanging beams – Theory of simple bending – Bending stress distribution – Shear
stress distribution.

UNIT III DEFLECTION OF BEAMS CE3402 Strength of Materials Notes

Double Integration method – Macaulay’s method – Area moment method – Conjugate beam method
– Strain energy method for determinate beams.

UNIT IV INDETERMINATE BEAMS CE3402 Strength of Materials Question Bank

Propped Cantilever and Fixed Beams – Fixed end moments reactions, slope and deflection for
standard cases of loading –– Continuous beams – support reactions and moments – Theorem of
three moments – Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams.

UNIT V ADVANCED TOPICS CE3402 Strength of Materials Question Paper

Unsymmetrical bending of beams – shear centerapplied – Thick cylinders – Theories of failure –
Principal stress, principal strain, shear stress, strain energy and distortion energy theories –
application problems.

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TEXTBOOKS CE3402 Strength of Materials Notes

1. Rajput R.K. “Strength of Materials (Mechanics of Solids)”, S.Chand & company Ltd., New
Delhi, 2018.
2. Rattan.S.S., “Strength of Materials”, Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,
2017.
3. Punmia B.C., Ashok Kumar Jain and Arun Kumar Jain,”Theory of Structures” (SMTS) Vol -II,
Laxmi Publishing Pvt Ltd, New Delhi 2017.
4. Basavarajiah and Mahadevapa, Strength of Materials, University press, Hyderabad, 2016
5. Vazirani.V.N, Ratwani.M.M, Duggal .S.K Analysis of Structures: Analysis, Design and Detailing
of Structures-Vol.1, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi 2014.

REFERENCES: CE3402 Strength of Materials Important Questions

1. Kazimi S.M.A, “Solid Mechanics”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi, 2017
2. William A .Nash, “Theory and Problems of Strength of Materials”, Schaum’s Outline Series,Tata
McGraw Hill Publishing company, 2017.
3. Singh. D.K., “ Strength of Materials”, Ane Books Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2021
4. Egor P Popov, “Engineering Mechanics of Solids”, 2nd edition, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., NewDelhi,
2015
5. Irwing H.Shames, James M.Pitarresi, Introduction to Solid Mechanics, Prentice Hall of India,
New Delhi, 2002
6. Beer. F.P. &Johnston.E.R.“Mechanics of Materials”, Tata McGraw Hill, Sixth Edition, New Delhi
2010.
7. James M.Gere., Mechanics of Materials, Thomas Canada Ltd., Canada, 2006.
8. Egor. P.Popov, Engineering Mechanics of Solids, Prentice Hall of India, Second Edition New
Delhi 2015.

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CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering

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CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering Study Materials

Anna University – CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering Regulation 2021 Syllabus , Notes , Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers Previous Year Question Paper.

UNIT I UNIFORM FLOW CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering Syllabus

Definition and differences between pipe flow and open channel flow – Types of Flow – Properties of
open channel – Fundamental equations – Sub-critical, Super-critical and Critical flow – Velocity
distribution in open channel – Steady uniform flow: Chezy’s equation, Manning equation – Best
hydraulic sections for uniform flow – Computation in Uniform Flow – Specific energy and specific
force.

UNIT II VARIED FLOWS CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering Notes

Dynamic equations of gradually varied – Water surface flow profile classifications: Hydraulic Slope,
Hydraulic Curve – Profile determination by Numerical method: Direct step method and Standard step
method – Change in Grades.

UNIT III RAPIDLY VARIED FLOWS CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering Important Questions

Application of the momentum equation for RVF – Hydraulic jumps – Types – Energy dissipation –
Positive and Negative surges.

UNIT IV TURBINES CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering Question Bank

Turbines – Classification – Impulse turbine – Pelton wheel – Reaction turbines – Francis turbine –
Kaplan turbine – Draft tube – Cavitation – Performance of turbine – Specific speed – Runaway speed
– Minimum Speed to start the pump.

UNIT V PUMPS CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering Question Paper

Centrifugal pumps – Minimum speed to start the pump – NPSH – Cavitation’s in pumps – Operating
characteristics – Multistage pumps – Reciprocating pumps – Negative slip – Indicator diagrams and
its variations – Air vessels – Savings in workdone.

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TEXT BOOKS: CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering Notes

1. Jain. A.K., Fluid Mechanics, Khanna Publishers, Delhi,2010.
2. Chandramouli P N, Applied Hydraulic Engineering, Yes Dee Publisher, 2017

REFERENCES: CE3401 Applied Hydraulics Engineering Important Questions

1. Ven Te Chow, Open Channel Hydraulics, McGraw Hill, New York, 2009.
2. Modi P.N. and Seth S.M., Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics, Standard Book House, New Delhi,
19th edition, 2013.
3. Mays L. W., Water Resources Engineering, John Wiley and Sons (WSE), New York, 2019
4. Subramanya K., Flow in open channels, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2019.

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CW3301 Fundamentals of Economics

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Anna University – CW3301 Fundamentals of Economics Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO MICRO ECONOMICS CW3301 Fundamentals of Economics Syllabus

Introduction to Economics – Themes of Economics – Micro Vs Macro Economics- Demand curves
and supply curves- Elasticity of Demand – Elasticity of Supply- Demand Curves of Households and
firms

UNIT II WELFARE ANALYSIS CW3301 Fundamentals of Economics Notes

Consumers and Producers Surplus- Price Ceilings and Price Floors; Consumer Behavior – Axioms
of Choice-Budget Constraints and Indifference Curves; Consumers Equilibrium Effects of a Price
Change, Income and Substitution Effects Derivation of a Demand Curve

UNIT III PRODUCTION AND COST FUNCTION CW3301 Fundamentals of Economics Important Questions

Theory of Production – Production Function and Isoquants – Cost Minimization; Cost Curves – Total,
Average and Marginal Costs – Long Run and Short Run Costs; Equilibrium of a Firm under Perfect
Competition; Monopoly and Monopolistic Competition

UNIT IV MACRO ECONOMICS CW3301 Fundamentals of Economics Question Paper

National Income and its Components – GNP, NNP, GDP, NDP Consumption Function; Investment;
Simple Keynesian Model of Income Determination and the Keynesian Multiplier; Government Sector
-Taxes and Subsidies; External Sector – Exports and Imports; Money -Definitions; Demand for
Money Transaction and Speculative Demand; Supply of Money – Banks Credit Creation Multiplier;
Integrating Money and Commodity Markets – IS, LM Model

UNIT V BUSINESS CYCLES AND STABILIZATION CW3301 Fundamentals of Economics Question Bank

Monetary and Fiscal Policy – Central Bank and the Government; the Classical Paradigm – Price and
Wage Rigidities – Voluntary and Involuntary Unemployment.

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TEXT BOOKS CW3301 Fundamentals of Economics Notes

1. Paul Anthony Samuelson, William D. Nordhaus, Economics, Nineteenth Edition, McGraw-Hill
Education, 2010.
2. N. Gregory Mankiw, Principles of Macroeconomics, Seventh Edition, Cengage Learning,
2018.
3. Pindyck, Robert S and Daniel L. Rubinfeld , Micro Economics, Eighth Edition, 2013.

REFERENCES CW3301 Fundamentals of Economics Important Questions

1. Dornbusch, Fischer and Startz, Macroeconomics, Tenth Edition, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 2012.
2. Hal R, Varia, Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach, Eighth Edition Affiliated
East-West Press, 2006

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AD3311 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

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AD3311 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Study Materials

Anna University – AD3311 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Lab Manual, viva Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper

OBJECTIVES: AD3311 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Lab manual
 To design and implement search strategies
 To implement game playing techniques
 To implement CSP techniques
 To develop systems with logical reasoning
 To develop systems with probabilistic reasoning

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: AD3311 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Lab manual Viva Questions

1. Implement basic search strategies – 8-Puzzle, 8 – Queens problem, Cryptarithmetic.
2. Implement A* and memory bounded A* algorithms
3. Implement Minimax algorithm for game playing (Alpha-Beta pruning)
4. Solve constraint satisfaction problems
5. Implement propositional model checking algorithms

6. Implement forward chaining, backward chaining, and resolution strategies
7. Build naïve Bayes models
8. Implement Bayesian networks and perform inferences
9. Mini-Project

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OUTCOMES: AD3311 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Lab manual
At the end of this course, the students will be able to:
CO1: Design and implement search strategies
CO2: Implement game playing and CSP techniques
CO3: Develop logical reasoning systems
CO4: Develop probabilistic reasoning systems

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AD3381 Database Design and Management Laboratory

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AD3381 Database Design and Management Laboratory Study Materials

Anna University – AD3381 Database Design and Management Laboratory Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Lab Manual, viva Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper

SUGGESTIVE EXPERIMENTS AD3381 Database Design and Management Laboratory

1. Database Development Life cycle:
Problem definition and Requirement analysis
Scope and Constraints
2. Database design using Conceptual modeling (ER-EER) – top-down approach
Mapping conceptual to relational database and validate using Normalization
3. Implement the database using SQL Data definition with constraints, Views
4. Query the database using SQL Manipulation
5. Querying/Managing the database using SQL Programming
– Stored Procedures/Functions
– Constraints and security using Triggers
6. Database design using Normalization – bottom-up approach
7. Develop database applications using IDE/RAD tools (Eg., NetBeans,VisualStudio)
8. Database design using EER-to-ODB mapping / UML class diagrams
9. Object features of SQL-UDTs and sub-types, Tables using UDTs, Inheritance, Method definition
10. Querying the Object-relational database using Objet Query language

COURSE OUTCOMES AD3381 Database Design and Management Laboratory

After the completion of this course, students will be able to:
 Understand the database development life cycle
 Design relational database using conceptual-to-relational mapping, Normalization
 Apply SQL for creation, manipulation and retrieval of data
 Develop a database applications for real-time problems
 Design and query object-relational databases

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COURSE OBJECTIVES:

 To understand the database development life cycle
 To learn database design using conceptual modeling, Normalization
 To implement database using Data definition, Querying using SQL manipulation and SQL
programming
 To implement database applications using IDE/RAD tools
 To learn querying Object-relational databases To understand the database development life cycle
 To learn database design using conceptual modeling, Normalization

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AL3391 Artificial Intelligence

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AL3391 Artificial Intelligence Study Materials

Anna University – AL3391 Artificial Intelligence Regulation 2021 Syllabus, Notes, Important Questions, Question Paper with Answers, Previous Year Question Paper

UNIT I INTELLIGENT AGENTS AL3391 Artificial Intelligence Syllabus

Introduction to AI – Agents and Environments – concept of rationality – nature of environments –
structure of agents. Problem solving agents – search algorithms – uninformed search strategies.

UNIT II PROBLEM SOLVING AL3391 Artificial Intelligence Notes

Heuristic search strategies – heuristic functions. Local search and optimization problems – local
search in continuous space – search with non-deterministic actions – search in partially observable
environments – online search agents and unknown environments

UNIT III GAME PLAYING AND CSP AL3391 Artificial Intelligence Important Questions

Game theory – optimal decisions in games – alpha-beta search – monte-carlo tree search –
stochastic games – partially observable games. Constraint satisfaction problems – constraint
propagation – backtracking search for CSP – local search for CSP – structure of CSP.

UNIT IV LOGICAL REASONING AL3391 Artificial Intelligence Question Papers

Knowledge-based agents – propositional logic – propositional theorem proving – propositional
model checking – agents based on propositional logic. First-order logic – syntax and semantics –
knowledge representation and engineering – inferences in first-order logic – forward chaining –
backward chaining – resolution.

UNIT V PROBABILISTIC REASONING AL3391 Artificial Intelligence Question Bank

Acting under uncertainty – Bayesian inference – naïve Bayes models. Probabilistic reasoning –
Bayesian networks – exact inference in BN – approximate inference in BN – causal networks.

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TEXT BOOKS: AL3391 Artificial Intelligence Important Questions

1. Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, “Artificial Intelligence – A Modern Approach”, Fourth
Edition, Pearson Education, 2021.
63

REFERENCES AL3391 AI Notes

1. Dan W. Patterson, “Introduction to AI and ES”, Pearson Education,2007
2. Kevin Night, Elaine Rich, and Nair B., “Artificial Intelligence”, McGraw Hill, 2008
3. Patrick H. Winston, “Artificial Intelligence”, Third Edition, Pearson Education, 2006
4. Deepak Khemani, “Artificial Intelligence”, Tata McGraw Hill Education, 2013.
5. http://nptel.ac.in/