Padeepz E-Learning Materials EE8251 Circuit Theory

Padeepz E-Learning Materials EE8251 Circuit Theory we have provided the sample materials in this page. If you like the sample and want to buy the full subject the procedure is also provided in this page.

Kirchoff’s Laws

Kirchoff’s Current Laws

Statement

At a junction, total current flowing towards the junction is equal to total current flowing away from the junction.

(or)

The algebraic sum of current meeting at a junction or node is zero.

Kirchoff’s Voltage Laws

Statement

In any closed network, the algebraic sum of product of current and resistance (Voltage drop) across the circuit elements of any closed path is equal to the algebraic sum of the emf’s in the path.

Formation of KVL Equation

Step 1:  Give names for each and every possible nodes.

Step 2:  Write the loop direction in terms of node (ABCDA)

Step 3:  Assume the current direction for each branch.

Step 4:  For calculating the voltage across a resistor.

If the assumed current direction and the loop direction is same, then it is potential drop. Loop direction is ABCDA, assumed current direction is from A to B. Both directions are same, then it is potential drop i.e., -IR.

Note:    For ‘n’ number of closed loops (Meshes), there will be ‘n’ number of loops (mesh) currents and hence we need ‘n’ number of equations.

Padeepz E-Learning Materials EE6201 Circuit Theory

Padeepz E-Learning Materials EE6201 Circuit Theory we have provided the sample materials in this page. If you like the sample and want to buy the full subject the procedure is also provided in this page.

Kirchoff’s Laws

Kirchoff’s Current Laws

Statement

At a junction, total current flowing towards the junction is equal to total current flowing away from the junction.

(or)

The algebraic sum of current meeting at a junction or node is zero.

Kirchoff’s Voltage Laws

Statement

In any closed network, the algebraic sum of product of current and resistance (Voltage drop) across the circuit elements of any closed path is equal to the algebraic sum of the emf’s in the path.

Formation of KVL Equation

Step 1:  Give names for each and every possible nodes.

Step 2:  Write the loop direction in terms of node (ABCDA)

Step 3:  Assume the current direction for each branch.

Step 4:  For calculating the voltage across a resistor.

If the assumed current direction and the loop direction is same, then it is potential drop. Loop direction is ABCDA, assumed current direction is from A to B. Both directions are same, then it is potential drop i.e., -IR.

Note:    For ‘n’ number of closed loops (Meshes), there will be ‘n’ number of loops (mesh) currents and hence we need ‘n’ number of equations.

Padeepz E-Learning Materials GE8152 Engineering Graphics

Padeepz E-Learning Materials GE8152 Engineering Graphics we have provided the sample materials in this page.  If you like the sample and want to buy the full subject the procedure is also provided in this page.

Hi Padeepz.com is a place where we make Engineering Students to understand their subjects in an easy and in a effective way. Which leads to greater knowledge in the subject and Provide plenty of time spending in innovative ideas.

Padeepz E-Learning Materials GE6152 Engineering Graphics

Padeepz E-Learning Materials GE6152 Engineering Graphics we have provided the sample materials in this page.  If you like the sample and want to buy the full subject the procedure is also provided in this page.

Hi Padeepz.com is a place where we make Engineering Students to understand their subjects in an easy and in a effective way. Which leads to greater knowledge in the subject and Provide plenty of time spending in innovative ideas.

 

Padeepz E-Learning Materials GE8151 Problem Solving and Python Programming

Padeepz E-Learning Materials GE8151 Problem Solving and Python Programming we have provided the sample materials in this page.  If you like the sample and want to buy the full subject the procedure is also provided in this page.

ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS:

             Algorithm is plan for solving problem. There are many ways to write algorithms

some are very informal, some are quite formal, and mathematical in nature, some are

 in quite graphical. The form is not particularly important as long it provides the good

 way to describe and check the logic plan.

  The algorithm development process consists of major steps.

           Step 1:  Obtain a description of the problem

           Step 2:   Analyse the problem

           Step 3:   Develop high level Algorithm

           Step 4:  Redefine the algorithm by adding more details.

           Step 5:  Review the algorithm.

OBTAIN THE DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM:

                  The problem should be explained, so that it’s easy for the developer to find the solution for the problem. The problem description suffers from one or more types.

           *  The description relies on unstated assumptions

           *  The description is unambigious

           *  The description is incomplete

           *  The description has internal contradictions.

ANALYSE THE PROBLEM:

           * The purpose of this step is to determine both starting and ending points for solving the problem. When determining the starting point, start with the following Questions.

         *  What data are available?

         *  Where is the data?

         * What formula are related to the problem?

         *  What rules are needed for the data?

         * What relationships are exists among the data values?

         * When determining the ending point, the characteristics of a solution is described.

          * What new fact will arrive?

          * What items will change?

          * What things will no longer exists?

DEVELOP A HIGH LEVEL ALGORITHM:

          An algorithm is plan for solving the problem. It’s usually better to start with high level algorithm that includes the major part of the solution, but sometimes more details can be added later.

   An example is given to demonstrate high level algorithm.

        Problem Statement: I  Need to make a tea.

                            Analysis: I don’t have Milk.

        High level algorithm:

                  * Go to stores that sells milk.                                

                  * Purchase milk and come home

                  * Prepare tea.

 Though this algorithm seems to be satisfactory, it lacks many details.

         * Which store I need to visit?

         * Which Milk product I need to buy?

         * How I goes to the stores: Walk, drive, ride my two wheeler, take the bus.

REDEFINE THE ALGORITHM BY ADDING MORE DETAIL:

               A high level algorithm shows the major steps that need to be followed to

solve a problem. Our goals is to develop algorithms that leads to the computer

programs.

              In simple examples moving from high level to detailed algorithm is done

in a single step but this is not always reasonable. For larger, more complex

problems, it is common to go through several times. Each time, more details

are added to the previous algorithm. This technique of gradually working

from high level languages to a detailed algorithm is often called as step wise

 refinement.

REVIEW THE ALGORITHM:

             The final step is to review the algorithm. Check the algorithm step by

step to determine whether it will solve the original problem or not.

          * Does the algorithm solve a very specific problem or does it solve more

 general problem.

      * if it solves a very specific problem, should it be generalized.

Padeepz E-Learning Materials MA8151 Engineering Mathematics 1

Padeepz E-Learning Materials MA8151 Engineering Mathematics 1 we have provided the sample materials in this page. If you like the sample and want to buy the full subject the procedure is also provided in this page.

Partial derivatives:-

A partial derivative of a function of several variables is the ordinary derivative with respect to one of the variables, when all the remaining variables are kept constant. Consider a function u=f(x,y). Here , u is the dependent variable and x & y are independent variables. The partial derivative of u=f(x,y) with respect to x is the ordinary derivative of u w.r.to x, keeping y constant. It is denoted by

 

Padeepz E-Learning Materials PH8151 Engineering Physics

Padeepz E-Learning Materials PH8151 Engineering Physics we have provided the sample materials in this page.  If you like the sample and want to buy the full subject the procedure is also provided in this page.

Modulus of elasticity 

Types of moduli of elasticity: 

Based on the 3 types of strain, elastic modulli of solids are. 

(i) young’s Modulus: 

Within elastic limit, ratio of longitudinal stress to longitudinal strain 

consider a wire, length – L  

Area of cross section – a 

One end is fixed at top and load is applied at the bottom. Force acting along the length of wire is `F’. Let  – elongation in length of the wire due to force applied.  

Longitudinal stress = F/A 

        

(II) Bulk Modulus: 

Within elastic limit, ratio of bulk stress to bulk stress. 

Bulk Modulus (k) = Bulk stress / Bulk Strain 

Consider a body of volume ‘v’ and area of cross section A let ‘F’ the force applied to the whole surface of the body. This results in the change in volume but no change in shape of the body. Let v he the change in volume. 

Bulk modules is sometimes called in compressibility its reciprocal is compressibility =1/k 

(iii)Rigidity Modulus 

Within elastic limit, ratio of sharing stress to shearing strain 

  

Consider cube ABCDEFGH . lower ABCD is fixed and force is applied 11l to surface EFGH. So the body is sheared by angle o . Let ‘L’ he the length of the cube and sL be the change in length of the upper surface 

Shearing stress = F/A 

Poisson’s Ratio: 

When a body is subjected to a force, the deformation is not only in one direction but all along. 

Ex: If a wire is stretched, besides undergo extension along the direction of force, it also undergoes contraction in perpendicular direction strain produced along the direction of force longitudinal strain 

Similarly, strain produced in perpendicular direction is lateral strain 

Within elastic limit, ratio, of lateral strain to the longitudinal strain is called poisson’s ratio ‘’ 

 

Let us consider a body which is subjected to an uniformly increasing stress Due to the application of stress, strain is developed If we plot a graph b/w stress & strain we get a curve and is called stress. Strain diagram 

1. Itis found that the bodyobey’s Hooke’s law up to the region OA called elastic lang 
2. As soon as the yieldpt‘B’ is crossed, the strain & rapidly than the stress 
3. Atthis stage the body remains partly elastic and partly plastic which is represented by BC
4. Noweven if a small external face is applied, the body will take a new path CD and remains plastic called plastic law where D is the ultimate strength.
5. Afterthis, the body will not some to its Original state and the body acquires a permanent residual strain I and it breaks down at aptl/ called a breaking stress indicated by EF.

Padeepz E-Learning Materials CY8151 Engineering Chemistry

Padeepz E-Learning Materials CY8151 Engineering Chemistry we have provided the sample materials in this page. If you like the sample and want to buy the full subject the procedure is also provided in the Video.

Boiler Feed Water

The water fed into the boiler for the production of steam is called boiler feed water

REQUIREMENTS

It should be free from

• Dissolved gases (O₂,CO_2,carbonic acid etc)
• Suspended impurities, oil and turbidity
• Dissolved salts, hardness causing substances and alkalinity
• It should be zero hardness

If the water is untreated, it leads to some troubles in the boiler

1. Formation of deposits in steam boilers and heat exchangers (scale and sludge)
2. Priming and foaming ( carry over )
3. Caustic embrittlement
4. Boiler corrosion

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