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EC3451 Linear Integrated Circuits

Important Questions

Unit 1

1. Discuss about LF155 MOSFET operational amplifier.
2. Draw the equivalent circuit of general operational amplifier and explain its working.
3. List and explain the DC and DC characteristics of an operational amplifier.
4.  Construct the BJT differential amplifier with active load and explain its operating principle.

Unit 2

1. What is the difference between clipper and clamper? Explain the circuit operations for positive clipping, negative clipping, positive clamping and negative clamping using OPAMP.
2.  Design a second order Butterworth low pass filter for a cutoff frequency of 2 KHz and obtain its frequency response.
3. With a suitable circuit diagram, explain the operating principle of an instrumentation amplifier and derive its gain.
4. Analyze the first order Low pass and High pass Butterworth filter and derive its voltage gain.

Unit 3

1.  Explain the operation of IC565 along with AM and FM detection.
2. Explain about analog multiplier IC’s with one application.
3.   Illustrate the operation of VCO with neat block diagram. Also derive an expression for fo. Also give the pin details of IC565.
4.  Explain in detail about the various ways in which frequency synthesizers can be made from phase locked loops. Also discuss their applications.

Unit 4

1. Draw the circuit of 4-bit binary weighted resistor DAC and explain with its input output timing diagram.
2. With block diagram, explain the working of Dual Slope ADC and Successive Approximation ADC.
3. Explain the construction and working of dual slope ADC.
4. Explain the construction and working of A/D converter using voltage to time conversion.

Unit 5

1. What are the types of voltage regulators? Discuss the operation of fixed and adjustable voltage regulators.
2. With neat circuit diagram explain the operation of frequency to voltage and voltage to frequency converter using opamp.
3. Sketch the circuit of monostable multivibrator and explain. Also derive the expression for time period.
4.  Describe the internal functional block diagram of IC 723 Voltage Regulator. Also explain how positive voltage is provided by IC 723 with appropriate circuit

EC3401 Networks and Security

Important Questions

Unit 1

1. In CRC, show the relationship between the following entities. (Here, size means the number of bits):
   (i) The size of the dataword and the size of the codeword
   (ii) The size of the divisor and the remainder
   (iii) The degree of the polynomial generator and the size of the divisor
   (iv) The degree of the polynomial generator and the size of the remainder
2. Explain in detail about the seven layers of the OSI architecture model with neat diagram.
3. With neat diagram, illustrate in detail about the seven layers of the OSI -architecture model.
4. (i) Exemplify in detail about TCP/IP protocol suite.
   Find the minimum Hamming distance for the following cases:
   Detection of two errors.
   Correction of two errors.
   Detection of 3 errors or correction of 2 errors.
   Detection of 6 errors or correction of 2 errors.

Unit 2

1. Compare and contrast between IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses.
2.  Illustrate IPv6 datagram packet format with neat diagram.
3.  Enumerate three transition strategies to move from IPv4 to IPv6. Illustrate the difference between tunneling and dual stack strategies during the transition period. When is each strategy used?
4.  Exemplify in detail about Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) error reporting messages.
5. Compare and contrast between unicast and multicast routing.
6. Compare and contrast between interdomain and intradomain routing protocols.
7. An IPv4 datagram has arrived with the following information in the header (in hexadecimal):
   O x 45 00 00 54 00 03 58 50 20 06 00 00 7C 4E 03 02 B4 OE OF 02
   (i) Is the packet corrupted?
   (ii) Is the packet fragmented?
   (iii) What is the size of the data?
   (iv) How many more routers can the packet travel to?
   (v) What is the identification number of the packet?
   (vi) What is the type of service?

Unit 3

1.  Illustrate in detail about congestion control and its avoidance techniques.
2.  Exemplify in detail about Domain Name System.
3.  Describe in depth about WWW and HTTP protocol.
4. Discuss in detail about User Datagram Protocol (UDP) with neat diagrams.
5. Explain in detail about the congestion control and avoidance techniques.
6.  Describe about HTTP architecture and its functionality.

Unit 4

1. Explain in detail about OSI Security Architecture model with diagram.
2.  Compare AES to DES. For each of the following elements of DES, indicate the comparable element in AES or explain why it is not needed in AES.
   XOR of subkey material with the input to the f function XOR of the f function output with the left half of the block Swapping of halves of the block.
3. Write down the RSA algorithm and illustrate with an example.
4.  Illustrate the working nature of Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA).
5. Explain in detail about RSA algorithm with an example.
6.  Exemplify in detail about Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
7.  Illustrate about hash functions in cryptography.

Unit 5

1. Explain in detail about blockchain technology and its features.
2.  Exemplify in detail about side channel attack in hardware security.
3.  Illustrate in detail about hardware security best practices and counter measures.
4. The RSA-T 100 Trojan is triggered when a 32-bit specific plaintext is applied. Calculate the probability of triggering this Trojan if one uses random patterns as plaintext.
5.  Exemplify the main idea of side channel analysis. Compare between invasive and noninvasive attacks.
6.  Illustrate the basic steps to perform a front-side electrical probing attack.
7. Discuss in detail about block chain technology and its features.

EC3452 Electromagnetic Fields

Important Questions

Unit 1

1. Analyze the Gradient of scalar and divergence and curl of the vector.
2.  Find the gradient of the scalar fields U = x ^ 2 * y + xyz and U = e ^ (- x) * sin 2x * cos y .
3. Convert points P(1, 3, 5) and T(0, – 4, 3) from Cartesian to cylindrical and Spherical coordinates.
4. 
   

   

5. Given, A=(sin2p) ao in cylindrical co-ordinates. Find curl of A at (2, π/4,0).
6. Given the two points, A(x = 2, y = 3, z=1) and B=(r=2,0 = 20°, φ = 220°). Find
   (i) Spherical co-ordinates of A
   (ii) Cartesian co-ordinate of B.

Unit 2

1. A charge is distributed on x axis of Cartesian system having a line charge density of 3 X² µC/m. Find the total charge over the length of 10 m.
2. If D= (2y ^ 2 + z) vec a x +4xy vec a y +x vec a z C/m^ 2 find
   (1) The volume charge density is at (-1, 0, 3).
   (2) The flux through the cube is defined 0 <= x <= 1 0 <= y <= 1 0 <= z <= 1 by
   (3) The cube encloses the total charge.
3.  Rearrange Gauss’s law and develop Laplace’s and Poisson’s equations.
4.  Interpret the Electric Flux density for a uniformly charged sphere of radius ‘a’. Construct a Gaussian surface for the case of r >= a and r <= a separately.
5. A parallel-plate capacitor has a plate area of 200m ^ 2 and a plate separation of 3 cm. The charge density is with air dielectric. Determine (1) The capacitance of the capacitor.
   (2) The voltage between the plates
6. If V=x-y+xy+2z V, Find
   (i) E at (2, 2, 1)
   (ii) Energy stored in a cube of side 1m centered at the origin.

Unit 3

1. Prove that total magnetic field intensity (H) outside of the outer coaxial conductor is zero for infinitely long coaxial transmission line using Amperes law. Determine H at each Amperian path.
2.  Determine the Magnetic field and current distributions for the following three conditions
   (i) Infinite line current along the z-axis
   (ii) Infinite sheet of current
   (iii) Infinitely long coaxial transmission line
3. Obtain the expression for magnetic field intensity on an axis of a circular ring.
4. Find the magnetic field intensity at a point P, due to a finite straight conductor, carrying a current I.

Unit 4

1. A thin ring of radius 5 cm is placed on plane z1 cm so that its center is at (0, 0, 1) cm. If the ring carries 50 mA a,, find H at (0, 0, 1) cm and (0, 0, 10)cm.
2. Prove that Maxwell’s equations are related to time-varying magnetic fields.
3.  Reconstruct Ampere’s circuit law for time-varying situations to satisfy Faraday’s law.
4. Derive the Helmholtz’s wave equations for both E and H fields.
5. Derive wave equation, and explain the properties of uniform plane waves in free space.
6. Derive and explain, Maxwell’s equations both in integral and point forms.

Unit 5

1. Conclude that the tangential components of H are discontinuous across the boundary, and the normal components of H are continuous across the dielectric-dielectric boundary medium. Besides, determine H’s tangential and normal components across the dielectric-conductor boundary medium.
2. A uniform plane wave propagating in a lossless medium has E=2sin[10⁸t-ßz]ä, V/m. If 6,1, μ, = 2 and σ=-3V/m, characterize the medium. Compute the nẞ and H.
3. If the wave encounters a perfectly conducting plate normal to the z-axis at z=0, find the reflected wave E, and H,.
4. Derive pointing vector in integral and point form from Maxwell’s equation.
5. Explain the reflection of plane wave by conducting medium, under normal incidence.

EC3251 Circuit Analysis

Important Questions

Unit 1

1. For the series-parallel arrangement shown in Figure, find
   (1) the supply current,
   (2) the current flowing through each resistor and
   (3) the potential difference across each resistor. 

   

2. Draw the Norton’s equivalent circuit.
3. Three resistances of values 22, 30 and 50 are connected in series across 20V, D.C Supply. Calculate
   (1) equivalent resistance of the circuit
   (2) the total current of the circuit
   (3) the voltage drop across each resistor and
   (4) the power dissipated in each resistor.
4. A lamp can work on 50 volt mains taking 2 amps. What value of the resistance must be connected in series with it so that it can be operated from 200 volt mains giving the same power?
5. Determine the potential difference across A and B, VAB in the circuit shown in Fig. 3. 
   

   

6.  Calculate the equivalent resistance between the terminals A and B of circuit shown in Fig. 4.
   

   

7. Determine the voltage drop across all the resistances for the circuit shown in Fig. 5. using nodal analysis 
   

   

8.  Determine the current passing through 15 2 resistor in the circuit shown in Fig. 6 using mesh analysis. 
   

   

 

Unit 2

1. Draw the dual network of network shown below. 
   

   

   

2. ) Determine the value of Rt for maximum power transfer in Fig. 7. Also find the maximum power. 
   

   

3. ) Wheatstone Bridge network is shown in Figure. Calculate the current flowing in the 322 resistor, and its direction, using Thévenin’s theorem, Assume the source of e.m.f. to have negligible resistance.  
   

   

4. A star-connected load consists of three identical coils each of resistance 30 2 and inductance 127.3 mH. If the line current is 5.08 A, calculate the line voltage if the supply frequency is 50 Hz.
5.  
   

   

   

Unit 3

1. A pure inductance of 1.273 mH is connected in series with a pure resistance of 302. If the frequency of the sinusoidal supply is 5 kHz and the potential difference across the 300 resistor is 6 V, determine the value of the supply voltage and the voltage across the 1.273mH inductance. Draw the phasor diagram.
2. Two impedances (15-j10) 2 and (10 + j15) Ω are connected in parallel. The supply voltage is 200V, 50 Hz. Calculate
   (i) the admittance,
   (ii) conductance,
   (iii) susceptance of the combined circuit,
   (iv) total current,
   (v) total power factor.
3. In the circuit, source voltage is v = 200 sin [314t+(7/6) and the current
   isi 20 sin, [314t=(π/3)] Find
   (i) frequency
   (ii) Maximum values of voltage and current
   (iii) RMS value of voltage and current
   (iv) Average values of both
   (v) Draw the phasor diagram
   (vi) Circuit element and its values
4. 
   

   

5. For the network shown in Fig. 11, Calculate the voltage across 72 using Nortons theorem. 
   

   

Unit 4

1. A series L-R-C circuit has a sinusoidal input voltage of maximum value 12 V. If inductance, L 20 mH, resistance, R = 80 2, and capacitance, C400 nF, determine
   (i) the resonant frequency,
   (ii) the value of the potential difference across the capacitor at the resonant frequency,
   (iii) the frequency at which the potential difference across the capacitor is a maximum, and
   (iv) the value of the maximum voltage across the capacitor.
2. A coil of inductance 5 mH and resistance 10 2 is connected in parallel with a 250 nF capacitor across a 50 V variable-frequency supply. Determine
   (i) the resonant frequency,
   (ii) the dynamic resistance,
   (iii) the current at resonance, and
   (iv) the circuit Q-factor at resonance.
3. Show that a = 0 for a series resonant circuit.
4. A coil has a resistance of 20 2 and inductance of 80 mH and is connected in series with a 100 µF capacitor across 200 V, 50 Hz supply, Determine the resonant frequency. Also determine, at resonance, the circuit impedance and BW.
5. Examine the transient response of RC series circuit for unit step input.
6. In the circuit of Fig. 12, the switch S has been in position 1 for sufficient time to establish steady-state conditions. The switch is then moved to position 2. Determine the current transient. 
   

   

Unit 5

1. Derive the formula for mutual inductance in terms of coefficient of coupling and self-inductance.
2. What is the maximum possible mutual inductance of two inductively coupled coils with self-inductances Li = 25mH and L2=100mH?
3.  Write short notes for the following:
   (i) The Linear Transformer
   (ii) Network Topology.
4. Two identical coupled coils have an equivalent inductance of 80 mH when connected series aiding, and 35 mH series opposing. Calculate the self inductance of the coils, mutual inductance between them, and coefficient of coupling.
5. For the coupled circuit shown in Fig. 13, Show the ratio V₂/V which results in zero current I,. 
   

   

6. The oriented graph of a network is shown in Fig. 14. Obtain the incidence matrix. 
   

   

7. For the graph shown in Fig. 14, select a tree of your own choice and Determine the tie-set schedule.

BE3254 Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering

Important Questions

Unit 1

1. Obtain the phasor diagram of single phase transformer when the secondary is loaded with capacitive load.
2. A single phase transformer has 350 primary turns and 1050 secondary turns. The net cross sectional area of the core is 55 cm². If the primary winding is connected to a 400v, 50Hz single phase supply, calculate.
   (i) The maximum value of the flux density in the core.
   (ii) The voltage induced in the secondary winding.
3. Draw the construction of single-phase transformer and explain its working principle.
4. Write short notes on the following:
   (i) Phase diagram
   (ii) Voltage regulation
   (iii) Harmonics
5. Explain in detail with equivalent circuit and phasor diagram the operation of transformer.
6. Write short notes on causes and method to minimize harmonics.
7.  Explain the functioning of autotransformer.

Unit 2

1. Draw the construction of a DC generator and explain its working principle.
2. Derive the EMF equation of a DC generator.
3. With circuit model, obtain the EMF and torque equation of DC motor.
4. With circuit model and relevant timing diagram, explain the functioning of stepper motor.
5. Derive the EMF and torque equation with circuit model of DC motor.
6. Explain the characteristics of brushless DC motor.

Unit 3

1. Explain any two speed control methods of three-phase induction motor.
2. Draw the construction of an alternator and explain its working principle.
3. Explain the principle of operation of single phase induction motor with its characteristic curves,
4. Explain synchronous motor with its torque equation.
5. Explain the construction, principle and equivalent circuit of three phase induction motor.
6. Derive the torque equation of synchronous motor

Unit 4

1. Compare moving coil and moving iron meters in terms of construction, working principle and applications.
2. Draw the block diagram of Digital Storage Oscilloscope and explain the functions of each block.
3.  Explain in detail with block diagram, the function performed by every element of an instrument.
4. Discuss the method to measure three phase power.
5. Describe the digital storage oscilloscope with its internal diagram.
6. Sketch the schematic diagram with the functional elements of an instrument. Explain the function performed by each of the element.
7.  Describe the operation and working principle of energy meter with its internal components.

Unit 5

1. Explain any one Earthing scheme.
2. Give an overview for power system structure.
3. Explain how a fuse rating is selected.
4. Discuss earth leakage circuit breaker.
5. Explain the generation, transmission and distribution of electrical power system
6. Explain the working principle of any two circuit breakers used in electrical power system application.
7. Give an overview on power system structure with generation, transmission and distribution components.
8. Discuss any one Earthing method.
9. Give an overview on protective devices with short note on each type.

PH3254 Physics for Electronics Engineering

Important Questions

Unit 1

1. Write a short note on
   (i) crystal system
   (ii) packing factor
   (iii) wafer surface orientation and
   (iv) diamond cubic structure
2. Describe the steps to determine the miller indices and also mention its importance.
3. Discuss briefly about simple and closed packed hexagonal structure and calculate the c/a ratio and packing factor of the HCP with neat diagram.
4. The height of the HCP unit cell is 0.494 nm and the nearest neighbor distance is 0.27 nm. The atomic weight of zinc is 65.37. Calculate the volume of the unit cell.
5. Discuss briefly the crystal directions and Miller indices with its procedures to represent (100), (110), (111) and (200) planes of a cubic crystals.
6. Show the expression for separation between two lattice planes in a crystal with schematic.

Unit 2

1. Derive an expression for the density of energy states in a metal.
2. What is a GMR device? Describe the construction and working methods of GMR.
3. Derive the expression for thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity and obtain the relation between them using classical free electron theory.
4. Briefly discuss the origin of ferromagnetism and exchange interaction in ferromagnetic materials.
5. The saturation magnetic induction of nickel is 0.65 wb/m². If density of nickel is 8906 kg/m³ and its atomic weight is 58.7, calculate the magnetic moment of the nickel atom in Bohr magneton.

Unit 3

1. Briefly discuss the origin of energy bands in semiconductors with schematic and differentiate between direct and indirect band gap semiconductors with necessary diagrams.
2. In a p-type germanium, n=2.1×10m³, density of boron 4.5×1023 atoms m³. The electron and hole mobilities are 0.4 and 0.2 m²/volt-s, respectively. What is it’s conductivity before and after the addition of boron atoms?
3. ) Discuss Hall effect and derive the expression for Hall coefficient and draw experimental setup to determine Hall mobility of semiconductor.
4. A semiconducting crystal 12 mm long, 5 mm wide and 1 mm thick has a magnetic flux density of 0.5 wb/m² applied from front to back, perpendicular to largest faces. When a current of 20 mA flows length wise through the specimen, the voltage measured across its width is found to be 37 V. What is the Hall coefficient of this semiconductor?
5. Derive an expression for density of electrons in conduction band of an n-type semiconductor.
6. State and explain Hall effect. With necessary theory and diagram, derive the Hall coefficient of a semiconductor.

Unit 4

1. Discuss the optical process in quantum well with necessary diagram.
2. Explain the principle and working of LED with a neat diagram and mention its advantages and disadvantages,
3. Explain briefly about optical absorption in quantum well along with energy band diagram in the presence and absence of a transverse electric field in semiconductor.
4.  Calculate the energy of the electron and heavy hole produced by absorbing a 1.5 eV photon in InP. (Given & of InP = 1.35 eV, m=0.082m, mhh = 0.085m, and mo = 0.075m.
5. Describe briefly the principle of operation and IV characteristic of Photovoltaic device with neat diagram.
6. The light intensity of 700 W/m² falls on a solar cell having the surface area of 0.03m x 0.03m, the resultant current and voltage generated are 157 mA and 475 mV, respectively. Calculate the efficiency of the photovoltaic device.

Unit 5

1. What happens to the energy, momentum and position of an electron in an isolated thin semiconductor when it is quantum confined along one dimension ie., quantum wells?
2. Discuss briefly the bandgap of nanomaterials of conductors, semiconductor and insulators.
3. What are carbon nanotubes (CNTs)? Explain briefly the properties and applications of CNTs with neat diagram.
4. Discuss briefly about spintronic devices and its applications.
5. Write a detailed note on quantum confinement and quantum structure.
6. Design a transistor in which the current flows from source to drain due to movement of only one electron at a time. Explain the conditions necessary for this single electron phenomenon and the working of the Single electron transistor.

EE3602 Power System Operation and Control

Important Questions

Part A

1. What do you mean by load shedding?
2. Define load curve.
3. Mention two conditions for proper synchronizing of alternators.
4. State the principle of tie-line bias control.
5. Give the different types of reactive power compensation.
6. Differentiate between on-load and off-load tap changing.
7. Write down the various constraints of modern power system.
8. Compare short term and long term hydro scheduling.
9. What are the tasks of energy control centre?
10. List out the basic functions of EMS.

Part B

1. Explain the necessity of voltage and frequency regulation in power system.

2. What is load forecasting? Also discuss about the computational methods available for it.

3. List out the components of speed governor system of an alternator. Derive its transfer function with the help of block diagram.

4. Discuss in detail about the dynamic response of two-area system and deduce its system variables.

5. Draw the block diagram of AVR loop and explain it. Also explain about the static analysis of AVR loop.

6. Explain the principle of operation of STATCOM and draw its V-I characteristics. Also explain about its role in power system operation and control.

7. Discuss about the base point and participation factor method for economic dispatch problem.

8. Write down the necessary algorithm and explain with neat flow chart for finding the solution for unit commitment problem using forward Dynamic programming method.

9. With neat block diagram explain about the SCADA’s functional aspect. Also mention its application for power system monitoring and control.

10. Explain with neat diagram how the system states are continuously monitored and controlled in power systems.

EE3601 Production and Switchgear

Important Questions

Part A

1. Mention the differences between primary and back up protection.
2. List out the merits of neutral grounding.
3. Give the purpose of plug setting.
4. Write the torque equation of the universal relay.
5. What are the possible that may occur in an alternator?
6. Illustrate different protections given to the bus bars.
7. Distinguish between static relays with electromagnetic relays.
8. State the advantages of numerical relays.
9. Strike a comparison between recovery voltage and restriking voltage.
10. How arc is quenched in a circuit breaker?

Part B

1. Describe the different faults occurring in power system. Also discuss about causes and effects of faults in power system.

2. Explain clearly about the zones of protection in power system.

3. Explain the construction and operating principle of impedance type distance relay with R-X diagram.

4. With neat diagram, describe the construction and principle of operation of negative sequence relay.

5. Describe the construction and working of buchholz relay. Mention its merits and demerits.

6. Discuss about the different types of protection schemes employed for transmission lines.

7. Discuss in detail about the synthesis of reactance relay using static phase. comparator.

8. Explain the operation of numerical over current relay with the neat block diagram.

9. Explain current chopping with necessary diagrams.

10. With neat figure, explain the construction and working of SFs circuit breaker. State the advantages, disadvantages and applications of SF& breaker.

11. In 132 kV transmission system, the phase to ground capacitance is 0.01 µF the inductance being 6 H.
(i) Calculate the voltage appearing across the pole of a circuit breaker if a magnetizing current of 10A is interrupted.
(ii) Find the value of resistance to be used across contact space to eliminate the striking voltage transient.
(iii) Determine frequency of natural oscillations and damped frequency of oscillations.

EE3405 Electrical Machines 2 Important Questions

Unit 1

1. With neat diagram, describe the construction and working of alternator.
2. Discuss the parallel operation of two alternators with identical speed/load characteristics.
3. Describe the parallel operation of three phase alternators with help of a neat diagram.
4. Explain the principle and construction of synchronous generator with neat diagram. Derive its emf equation.
5. Derive the generated EMF expression for an alternator. What will be the rms value of emf induced per phase in 3-phase, 6-pole, star-connected alternator having a stator with 90 slots and 8 conductors per slot? The flux per pole is 0.4mWb and it runs at a speed of 1000 rpm. Assume full-pitched coils and sinusoidal flux distribution.
6. How the regulation of an alternator is found using EMF method? A single-phase, 500 V, 50 Hz alternator produces a short-circuit current of 170 A and an open circuit emf of 425 V when a field current of 15A passes. through its field winding. If its armature has an effective resistance of 0.2 ohm, determine its full-load regulation at unity pf and at 0.8 pf lagging using EMF method.

Unit 2

1. Draw the simplified equivalent circuit of synchronous motor and explain the effect of loading in synchronous motor at various power factors with help of phasor diagrams.
2. The synchronous reactance per phase of a 3-phase, star connected 6600 V synchronous motor is 18 2. For a certain load the input is 900 kW at normal voltage and the induced line EMF is 8400 V. Determine the line current and power factor.
3. Explain briefly the constructional features and principle of operation of three-phase synchronous motor.
4. What is the need for starters? Explain various methods used for starting a synchronous motor.
5. Discuss the starting methods of synchronous motor.
6.  Describe the method of finding out the “V and inverted V” curve with neat sketch.

Unit 3

1. Describe the construction of circle diagram of an induction motor and explain how maximum torque is obtained.
2. Draw and explain the torque-slip characteristics of cage and wound rotor motor. Also derive the expression for the maximum running torque.
3. Sketch and Explain the torque slip characteristics of 3 phase cage and slip-ring induction motors. Show the stable region in the graph.
4. Discuss the different power stages of an induction motor with losses.
5. Explain the working of synchronous induction motor with a schematic diagram.
6. Explain the construction, working principle and parts of three phase induction motor.
7. Discuss how the circle diagram is constructed through the No load and blocked rotor tests in three phase Induction motor.

Unit 4

1. With neat circuit explain the Static Scherbius system of slip power recovery scheme. Also state the merits of Scherbius system over Kramer system.
2. List the various methods of starting of 3 phase induction motor and discuss any two methods of starting in detail.
3. Discuss the various starting methods of induction motors.
4. Discuss the cascade operation of induction motors to obtain variable speed.
5. Explain the Rotor resistance starter in 3 phase Induction motor with neat sketch.
6. Briefly discuss the operation of Static Kramer’s and Static Scherbius drives with neat sketch.

Unit 5

1. Single phase induction motor is not self-starting. State the reason and explain about the double revolving field theory.
2. Describe the constructional features and principle of operation of hysteresis motor and AC series motor.
3. List out the classification of single phase motors. Explain any two types of single phase induction motors.
4. Discuss the construction, operation and characteristics of the following:
   (i) Repulsion motor.
   (ii) Servo motor.
5. Discuss the concept of Double field revolving theory with neat sketch.
6. Discuss the operation of Linear induction motor with neat sketch.

EE3404 Microprocessor and Microcontroller

Important Questions

Unit 1

1. The instruction code 01001111 (4FH) is stored in memory location 5005H. Illustrate the data flow with appropriate sketch and list the sequence of events when the instruction code is fetched by the 8085 MPU.
2. Two machine codes 00111110 (3EH) and 00110010 (32H) are stored in memory locations 8000H and 8001H, respectively. The first machine code (3EH) represents the opcode to load a data byte in the accumulator, and the second code (32H) represents the data byte to be loaded in the accumulator. Illustrate the bus timings as these machine codes are executed. Calculate the time required to execute the Opcode Fetch and the Memory Read cycles and the entire instruction cycle if the clock frequency is 2 MHz.
3. With a neat sketch, briefly explain the interrupt structure of 8085 microprocessor.
4. Draw and explain the timing diagram of CALL instruction in 8085 microprocessor.
5. Explain the software and hardware interrupts available in 8085 along with their vector addresses.
6. Draw and explain the timing diagram of (i) Memory read machine cycle and (ii) Memory write cycle of 8085.

Unit 2

1. Load the bit pattern 91H in register B and 87H in register C. Mask all the bits except DO from registers B and C. If DO is at logic 1 in both registers, turn on the light connected to the DO position of output port 01H; otherwise, turn off the light.
2. Define addressing modes. Also, comment on the addressing modes supported in 8085 microprocessor with suitable examples.
3. Write instructions to clear the CY flag, to load number FFH in register B, and increment (B). If the CY flag is set, display 01 at the output port; otherwise, display the contents of register B. Explain your results.
4. Write a subroutine to set the Zero flag and check whether the instruction JZ (Jump on Zero) functions properly, without modifying any register contents other than flags.
5. ) Illustrate the contents of the stack memory and registers when PUSH and POP instructions are executed, and explain how memory pointers are exchanged.
6. Write an assembly language program to perform bubble sorting operation.
7. List and define the addressing modes supported by 8085 microprocessor with examples.
8. State the data manipulation instructions in 8051 microprocessor and mention their functions.

Unit 3

1. Discuss in detail about the various modes and operation of the programmable timer 8254 when it is interfaced with the 8085 processor.
2. ) Discuss in detail about the various modes of operation of the 8279 with various functional blocks and the control word registers.
3. With a neat circuit diagram/functional block diagram, interface an analog sensor with 8085 microprocessor. Also, write an assembly language program to read, convert the sensor value and save the result in 8000H.
4. Briefly explain the different modes of operation in 8254 IC? Support the answer with appropriate timing diagrams.
5. With neat diagram, Explain the architecture and interfacing of 8255 PPI.
6. Draw the internal block diagram of 8279 keyboard display controller and explain its features.

Unit 4

1. Explain the various operating modes of 8051 timer and special function registers associated with timer/counter.
2. Explain the structure of port 0 and port 3 of 8051 microcontroller.
3. Briefly explain the methodology of interfacing and configuring an external memory with 8051 microcontrollers.
4. Discuss in detail about timer mode and control operations of 8051 microcontrollers with the relevant special function registers.
5. Discuss in detail about the methodology involved in configuration, Data transmission and reception via UART module in 8051 microcontroller. Assume a crystal oscillator of 11.059 MHz is connected to a microcontroller for achieving 19200 baud rate. Also, calculate the value of TH1 to be loaded in order to achieve the desired baud rate. Support the data transmission and reception part via assembly language programming.
6. With a neat circuit diagram and assembly language program, briefly explain the process of interfacing a unipolar stepper motor with 8051 microcontroller in 4-step sequence/bi- phase mode..

Unit 5

1. With a neat sketch, describe the features and architecture of PIC16F877 microcontroller.
2. With a neat sketch, detail the interrupt structure supported in PIC16F877 microcontroller.
3. Draw the architecture and list the major functional elements of PIC microcontroller.
4. Mention the instructions of PIC microcontroller and their functions.
5. With a neat sketch, detail about the different functional blocks available in a PIC16 series of microcontrollers.
6. Briefly explain the process of configuring and programming the external interrupts in PIC16 Series MCU. Illustrate it with a real-time example.